According to the Coblenz higher regional court, 24/10/90, file no.14 NW 671/90U, the first senate of the Zweibrücken higher regional court (file no.1 W 13/78) and the higher regional courts of Hamm (15 W 405/68), Brunswick (3 W 10/74) and Munich (W 1234/76) declared in their judgements that detective costs are refundable and respectively liable to make restitution as extra-judicial party expenditures, if they prove necessary for the appropriate prosecution or legal defence (section 91 para. 1 clause 1 of the code of civil procedure.